Transitions in Writing and Speaking
Printable version: Transitions in Writing and Speaking
Transitions between sentences and paragraphs are essential for clarity and readability. Without them, writing can sound choppy and disconnected. When incorporating transition words or phrases, be sure to choose those that best communicate the connection you are trying to make between sentences, paragraphs, and/or ideas.
Examples
In this sentence, the transition words communicate the order in which the events must happen.
Here, the transition indicates a cause and effect relationship.
Bob wants to earn his doctorate; however, he hasn’t yet been accepted into a program.
This transition indicates a contrast between the two ideas.
The transition in this sentence adds information about the subject.
Sequence or Chronology | First, Initially | Before | Suddenly | Meanwhile | Eventually | Finally |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cause/Effect |
Therefore |
Consequently |
As a result | So | Accordingly | In order to |
Contrast | However | Although | Otherwise | Yet | Nevertheless | Even though |
Addition or Comparison | Moreover, Furthermore | In addition, Additionally | Likewise | Similarly | In fact | Also |
Incorporating Transitions into Your Work (after a draft is complete)
Keep in mind: A transition can be a single word, a phrase, or a complete sentence. When transitioning between paragraphs or sections within a text, a sentence is frequently used to move between ideas. Often, keywords (like those above) are still used to show the relationship between the ideas in transition sentences.
To revise your entire work for transitions, try the method below. It is recommended that you work through the Revision Workshop before starting work on your transitions so that your paper’s organization is less likely to change in major ways.
On paper:
- Grab a pen—this will be easiest if you choose a color that will stand out on the page.
- Start at the introduction. Each time you change ideas, underline the existing transition. If no transition exists, circle the place where a transition should be.
- Go back to your introduction. For each circle, decide what kind of transition is needed (Sequential? Comparative?). It’s up to you whether your transition is short (a word) or longer (a sentence). If you aren’t sure, try a couple of options and read them aloud to hear how they sound.
- Find a reader who can give you feedback on your transitions. If your reader has trouble following along, make a note of the problem areas so that you can return to them later.
On a computer:
- Choose a highlighter color in your word processor.
- Start at the introduction. Each time you change ideas, underline the existing transition. If no transition exists, highlight the place where a transition should be.
- Go back to your introduction. Find the highlighted places and decide what kind of transition needed (Sequential? Comparative?). It’s up to you whether your transition is short (a word) or longer (a sentence). If you aren’t sure, try a couple of options and read them aloud to hear how they sound.
- If your reader has trouble following along, make a note of the problem areas so that you can return to them later.
Some final advice: Revising for transitions can sometimes show places in your work where reorganization is needed. Don’t be afraid to move paragraphs around if you think it will help your audience follow along. Revising can (and should!) happen throughout the writing process.
Want feedback on your transitions? Let the Writing Center help! Stop by LIB 362 or visit us at mtsu.mywconline.com to schedule an appointment.
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